Abstract: A high resolution target highlight extraction method using fractional deconvolution is proposed to extract target highlights. Based on the fractional order domain convolution formula, deconvolution theory is introduced to remove the influence of window functions in this method. The time-frequency domain deblurring is realized, and the time-frequency resolution is improved. Simulation and experimental data show that the frequency domain resolution of the short time fractional Fourier transform based on deconvolution is higher than that of the fractional Fourier transform for linear frequency modulated signals. It can improve the performance of detecting linear frequency modulated signals in the time and frequency domain, thereby achieving high resolution extraction of target highlights in the time-frequency domain and improving the estimation accuracy of time delay differences between target highlights. Compared with traditional methods, the target highlight extraction method based on fractional deconvolution has higher resolution and certain inhibition effect on reverberation.