Abstract: Underwater bottom or buried target recognition is seriously influenced by reverberation,and the target echo is aliased with the reverberation in time-frequency domain,making the separation of target echo and reverberation difficult With the different generating mechanisms between the target echo and reverberation,a time-frequency blind source separation method combined with the image morphology was used to separate the target echo and the reverberation.The morphological characteristics of the target geometrical acoustic scattering components and the reverberation in Wigner-Ville distribution are derived Morphological filter was used to remove the reverberation and the cross-terms between the geometrical acoustic scattering components in the Wigner-Ville distribution,then obtained an unmixed matrix in the time-frequency morphological domain,so target echo and reverberation separation was achieved.Simulation and experimental data processing results showed that the proposed algorithm can improve the signal to reverberation ratio.