Abstract: A fast sinusoidal parameters extraction algorithm based on energy of narrowband spectrum is presented. To improve analysis accuracy and computational efficiency, the algorithm integrates the Fourier transforms of signal and its n-order signal derivatives. And energy of narrow band spectrum is used to approximate the energy of whole spectrum of single sinusoidal signal, since most energy is concentrated in the main lobe of spectral windows. Experiment results show that compared with existing algorithms, the proposed algorithm improves analysis precision by 30%-60% and reduces computational complexity, therefore it enables to use to real time signal analysis and speech communication.