虚拟声屏障的数值及实验分析
A numerical and experimental study on virtual sound barrier
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摘要: 虚拟声屏障(Virtual Sound Barrier,VSB)由若干控制声源和误差传感器构成,使用有源噪声控制方法在噪声环境中产生局部安静区域,“阻隔”声音但不“阻隔”空气和光,像一个无形的屏障对声音起作用。本文建立立体结构的VSB系统模型,从数值模拟和实验两方面说明在噪声来自于多个方向的普通房间中,通过该系统产生人头大小的静区是可行的。数值模拟表明即使在中频VSB系统也有良好的降噪效果。实验给出一种实用的圆柱状分布的16通道的VSB系统,在中低频条件下产生人头大小的静区,降噪可达10 dB以上。Abstract: Virtual Sound Barrier (VSB) is an array of loudspeakers and microphones forming an acoustic barrier, which creates a quiet zone without blocking air and light. In this paper a numerical modal of VSB system which has a three-dimensional structure is investigated. It can generate a quiet zone of a human head size in a normal room where the noise comes from many different directions. Numerical simulations show that it can be effective up to the middle frequency range. Finally, a 16 channels practical cylindrical VSB system has been developed. Experimental results in a normal room show that it can create the quiet zone of a human head size in the low-middle frequency with the total sound pressure level reduction of more than 10 dB in the quiet zone.