Abstract: The influence of ultrasonic wave on the changes in characteristics of supermolecular structure of cellulose, such as crystallinityt crystal size and hydrogen bond, has been searched. The results from FTIR showed that intermolecular hydrogen bond of cellulose by ultrasonic treatment was weakened and its crystallinity was raised. The results from x-ray diffraction indicated that the biphade system still remains in the cellulose by ultrasonic treatment, as the original crystalline type.