用声波方程对海底地层回波数据进行逐层折射校正成像
Imaging of echo data of submarine sedimentary beds layer-by-layer with acoustic wave equation refraction correction method
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摘要: 用地层剖面仪加一条拖曳水听器阵组成的海底地层测量系统采集海底地层广角回波数据,对广角回波数据进行共深度点叠加得到的叠加剖面可用于地质解释。当海底地层声速有横向变化时,由于波的折射效应的影响,叠加剖面不能真实反映海底下地层构造的情况,应用于地质解释很可能会导致错误的结果。在已知海底地层声速的情况下,用声波方程Kirchhoff积分方法对叠加数据进行正反向两次波场延拓,可消除上伏地层声速横向变化引起下伏地层回波波场的畸变,获得更精确反映海底下地层构造的声波图像。Abstract: Wide-angle echo data of submarine sedimentary beds are collected by a system composed of a seismic profiler and a hydrophone streamer towed behind the profiler.Usually the wide-angle echo data ale processed with common-depth-point stack method to obtain the stached section for geological interpretation.When the acoustic velocity of the sedimentary layers has a lateral variation,the stacked section does not represent the real structure of sedimentary layers.Based on this stacked section,we would probably draw a false conclusion.In case of knowing the acoustic velocity of sedimentary beds we may remove the distortion caused by acoustic velocity lateral variation from the stacked section with acoustic wave equation Kirchhoff integration which continues the wavefields in downgoing and upgoing directions respectively.Thus the accurate image of the structure of submarine sedimentary layers is obtained