Abstract: Social surveys on noise environment of residence have been made both in Nagoya, Japan and in Beijing, China, Noise levels have been measured during one day and night in residents areas, and social surveys on the reactions of residents to living environmemts have been made at the same time. The surveys in both cities indicate that the distributions of noise levels are almost the same, but the reactions of residents to noise environments are quite different. The results, analysis of surveys and a discussion on the difference between reactions of residents in the two cities to their noise environments are given in this paper.