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中文核心期刊

椭球气泡群蒙特卡罗模型及声学行为研究

Monte Carlo model and acoustic behavior of ellipsoidal bubbles

  • 摘要: 气泡形状对声学行为的影响在研究气液两相流特性和参数检测中至关重要, 针对非球形气泡群, 将蒙特卡罗方法与T矩阵法相结合, 建立了椭球气泡群蒙特卡罗预测模型。基于模型数值计算了毫米级椭球气泡群在频率50~500 kHz的声衰减系数, 揭示声学行为随气泡形貌和尺寸的变化。结果表明: 随气泡伸长, 前向散射声压幅值降低, 后向幅值升高; 散射声压随声波入射角的变化发生偏转和变形。消声效率随气泡伸长呈上升趋势, 无因次量低时最为显著。气泡群中的声波透射行为随椭球长/短轴比增大而减弱, 而散射行为则相反。衰减系数随声波入射角和长/短轴比的增加而增大; 长/短轴比大于1.1时, 可观测到衰减系数变化。衰减系数随气泡尺寸增加而减小且速率趋慢。半径均值2.5 mm服从正态分布函数的气泡群, 随半径分布增宽, 其对应声衰减系数越大; 标准差增加至0.5时, 衰减系数增长率为6.51%。

     

    Abstract: The influence of bubbles shape on acoustic behavior plays a crucial role in studying the characteristics and parameter detection of gas-liquid two-phase flow. A Monte Carlo prediction model for ellipsoidal bubbles is developed for a non-spherical bubble system, which combines the Monte Carlo method with the T-matrix method. Based on the model, the attenuation coefficient of the millimeter-sized ellipsoidal bubble cluster at the frequency of 50-500 kHz is calculated in numerical simulation, revealing the variation rules of the attenuation coefficient and the acoustic behaviors with the bubble morphology and size. The results show that, with the elongation of a bubble, the forward amplitude of the scattered sound pressure decreases and the backward amplitude increases; the scattered sound pressure exhibits angular redistribution and directional deformation depending on the incident direction. The anechoic efficiency tends to enhance with bubble elongation, particularly at low dimensionless parameters. The transmission behavior of sound waves in the bubble cluster goes down with the amplification of the major-to-minor axis ratio of the ellipsoid, while the scattering behavior exhibits the opposite trend. The attenuation coefficient climbs with both the elevation of the acoustic wave incidence angle and the major-to-minor axis ratio. Notably, when the major-to-minor axis ratio exceeds 1.1, a measurable change in attenuation coefficient occurs. The attenuation coefficient diminishes with the enlargement of bubbles, and its rate of change becomes less pronounced. For the bubble cluster with a mean radius of 2.5 mm obeying a normal distribution function, the acoustic attenuation coefficient augments as the radius distribution broadens. Specifically, when the standard deviation of this distribution is raised to 0.5 for bubbles with a radius of 2.5 mm, there is a 6.51% increase in the attenuation coefficient.

     

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