浅海内波环境下的宽带声源被动定位
Passive localization of broadband source in shallow water environment with internal tide
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摘要: 海洋环境参数的时空变化, 尤其是内波引起的水层声速剖面的时空变化导致的模型失配是匹配场处理方法在浅海声源被动定位中应用的主要难题。根据浅海内波引起水层声速剖面时空变化的特点, 探讨了一种适用于浅海水层声速剖面时空变化的匹配场处理被动定位方法, 该方法同时考虑了水层声速剖面的时变性和水平非均匀性。在利用基函数如水动力基函数或经验正交函数表示声速剖面的基础上, 声速剖面的垂直扰动通过对基函数系数的估计来表示, 同时用多个分段线性变化的声速剖面表征声速剖面的水平非均匀性。数值仿真和海试数据处理结果均表明, 该方法可减小声速剖面的失配程度并改善匹配场算法的定位性能, 与忽略声速剖面水平非均匀性的匹配场定位方法相比性能更优。Abstract: The spatiotemporal varying of environmental parameters, especially the varying of the sound speed profile caused by internal tide, can lead to a mismatch which is a critical challenge for matched field processing of passive localization of the sound source in shallow water. According to the characteristics of the spatial and temporal variations of the sound speed profile caused by internal tide in shallow water, a passive localization method based on matched field processing is proposed. The range-dependent varying of the sound speed profile are approximately represented by multiple adjustable linear varying profiles, and these equivalent profiles are reconstructed by the empirical orthogonal functions which contain the time-varying properties. The results of both the simulated and experimental data show that this method can mitigate the effect of the model mismatch of the sound speed profile on source localization and improve localization performance of match field processing in shallow water environment with internal wave. Comparing with the traditional matched field processing methods which ignore the range dependence of the sound speed profile, it has better performance of source localization and smaller estimation error of source range.