低频三阶超心形指向性声源设计
Design of a low-frequency third-order super-cardioid directional source
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摘要: 为提高圆周阵列主极大的指向性增益, 提出基于圆周等间距六元密排阵的低频三阶超心形指向性声源, 利用点源方法对其波束特性进行研究与分析, 得到了指向性声源的优化方案。以具有弱互辐射效应的单边辐射弯张换能器作为圆周密排阵阵元, 利用有限元方法分析了三阶超心形指向性声源的声辐射特性, 相比单极子声源, 其主极大方向指向性增益为8.0 dB, 可达到提高增益的目的。研制了实验样机, 经水池实验获得该声源的工作特性: 谐振频率为0.92 kHz, 对应发送电压响应级为139.0 dB, −3 dB波束宽度为56.0°, 各旁瓣小于−15.0 dB。有限元计算与实测结果验证了优化方案的可行性, 实现了低频三阶超心形指向性发射。Abstract: In order to enhance the directivity gain of the primary pole in a circular array, a third-order super-cardioid sound source based on a uniform six-element circular array is proposed. The beam pattern of the sound source is investigated and analyzed by using the point source method, and an optimal scheme of the sound source is obtained. The single-sided radiation (SSR) flextensional transducer (FT) is selected as the sound source element to minimize the mutual radiation effect of the close-packed array. The acoustic radiation characteristics of the third-order super-cardioid source are studied by the finite element method. The findings demonstrate an 8 dB gain compared to the monopole sound source. A prototype is fabricated and tested. The test results confirm that the directional source exhibits a resonant frequency of 0.92 kHz with a transmitting voltage response of 139.0 dB. The −3 dB beamwidth is 56°, accompanied by all the sidelobes smaller than −15.0 dB. The feasibility of the optimized scheme is verified through the finite element calculations and measured results.