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中文核心期刊

泵喷推进器静/转干涉线谱噪声远场指向性预报与分析

Prediction and analysis of the far-field directivity of line-spectrum noise induced by stator-rotor interaction in a pump-jet propulsor

  • 摘要: 噪声水平是衡量水下航行器综合性能的关键指标之一, 泵喷推进器中叶片排间的静/转干涉线谱噪声是其中的重要部分。本文以Suboff标准模型和一前置定子、7叶转子泵喷推进器为对象, 开展有伴流条件下水动力特性非定常数值模拟, 预报推进器静/转干涉线谱噪声远场指向性。本文的声学计算方法考虑尾迹与后排转子干涉的载荷噪声, 以真实叶片构型的非定常载荷作为声源输入, 利用频域声类比方法快速求解旋转叶片的自由场声辐射。在此基础上采用边界积分方法进一步考虑导管的散射作用, 高效计算导管内外的散射声压。根据Tyler-Sofrin理论, 声压可以被分解为无限多个周向模态之和, 但导管的散射效应导致仅有限个周向模态可传播到远场。本文对不同航速下泵喷推进器远场静/转干涉线谱噪声的可观测模态及其指向性特性展开研究, 并通过叶片两表面谐波压力差分析了主要声源位置, 可为泵喷推进器的水动力–噪声一体化降噪优化设计提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Noise level is one of the key metrics to measure the overall performance of underwater vehicles, of which the line-spectrum noise induced by stator-rotor interaction in pump-jet propulsors is an important element. In this study, the hydrodynamic and acoustic performances of the ‘Suboff’ model equipped with a pump-jet propulsor consisted of a front-stator and a 7-bladed rotor are investigated. Unsteady simulations in the presence of a non-uniform wake are conducted to obtain the hydrodynamic characteristics and the unsteady pressure fluctuations on the blade surface. The present acoustics prediction method considers the loading noise generated by the interaction between the wake and rear rotor. Unsteady pressure loadings on a real rotor blade geometry are considered as the surface acoustic source. The free-field acoustic radiation of the rotating blade is solved using the frequency domain acoustic analogy method. The scattering effect of the duct is considered using boundary integral element method, enabling rapid prediction of the far-field directivity of stator-rotor interaction line-spectrum noise. According to the Tyler-Sofrin theory, sound pressure can be decomposed into the sum of infinity circumferential modes. However, only a finite number of propagable modes exist in the presence of a duct. In this study, the observable modes and far-field directivity of stator-rotor interaction noise in the pump-jet propulsor are investigated for various sailing speeds, and the positions of major sound sources are analyzed through the unsteady pressure difference between the two sides of the rotor blade. This serves as a reference for the integrated hydrodynamic-acoustic optimization design of pump-jet propulsors.

     

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