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中文核心期刊

平衡衔铁换能器非线性声学响应特性

Characteristics of nonlinear acoustic response of a balanced armature transducer

  • 摘要: 针对大振幅下平衡衔铁换能器声学响应的非线性特性, 建立非线性动力学方程并采用小参数法推导得到了振动位移的近似解。基于声波在理想流体媒质中传播的假设, 根据线性时不变系统的性质给出了声学响应的表达式, 分析了输出声学响应与非线性及共振之间的内在关系。研究结果表明, 非线性参数不对称会引起位移直流偏置和偶次谐波失真; 电流传递系数和刚度的非线性主要影响低频失真, 阻尼系数的非线性影响高频失真; 当激励频率或其倍频与振动系统共振频率或腔体共振频率接近时, 声压级或倍频谐波失真会出现极大值。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the characteristics of the nonlinear acoustic response of a balanced armature transducer at high amplitude, a nonlinear dynamic equation is established, and the approximate solution for vibration displacement is derived using the small parameter method. Subsequently, assuming sound waves propagate in an ideal fluid medium and leveraging the characteristics of a linear time-invariant system, expressions for sound pressure and harmonic distortion are derived. The correlation of these acoustic responses with the nonlinear parameters of the transducer, vibration system resonance, and cavity resonance is discussed. The research results indicate that asymmetric nonlinear parameters induce displacement DC bias and even harmonic distortion. The nonlinearity of current transfer coefficient and stiffness mainly affects low-frequency distortion, while the nonlinearity of damping coefficient affects high-frequency distortion. When the excitation frequency or its harmonics approach the resonance frequency of either the vibration system or the acoustic cavity, the sound pressure level or harmonic distortion peaks.

     

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